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North Florida Research and Education Center - Suwannee Valley
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Research Report 99-13 |
Lettuce Cultivars for Warm Seasons
Robert C. Hochmuth, Multi-County Extension Agent
- NFREC-Suwannee Valley
A non-replicated lettuce variety trial was conducted
during the early summer of 1999 at the North Florida Research and Education
Center - Suwannee Valley near Live Oak, FL. The trial was conducted to evaluate
several cultivars for bitterness in the hot season. Specialty lettuces are very
popular at restaurants and local retail markets, especially community farmer’s
markets. Many cultivars produce high yield and excellent quality during the cool
season in North Florida. However, as temperatures increase several cultivars
become very bitter resulting in unmarketable product.
This trial was conducted in a Lakeland fine sand using a
full-bed white-on-black polyethylene mulch and drip irrigation system of
production. The final beds were 36 in. wide and 6 in. high. Four-week-old
transplants were used to establish the plots on May 5, 1999. Each bed contained
two rows 12 in. apart and plants were spaced 12 in. within each row.
Samples were harvested from each plot on June 7, 1999. The
same two people rated each sample on a 1-5 scale with 1= no bitterness and 5=
very bitter (Table 1). A rating of 4 or 5 would
determine the cultivar to be unmarketable due to bitterness alone. Ratings of 1
or 2 would determine those cultivars to be of excellent quality and
marketability in relation to bitterness.
In general, all butterhead cultivars (‘Ermosa’,
‘Carmona’, and ‘Red Rouge’) were all very mild in flavor with very
little or no bitterness. The only lollo type cultivar, ‘Lollo Rosa’, was
very bitter. Other types of lettuce (looseleaf, oakleaf, and romaine) were more
variable depending on cultivar (See Table 1).
This trial demonstrated several cultivars of specialty
lettuces can be grown well into the summer in North Florida to extend the
marketing season. Cultural practices including the use of white-on-black
polyethylene mulch may be important in extending the lettuce season.
| Table 1. Bitterness
ratings for several cultivars and types of lettuce grown in the early
summer of 1999 near Live Oak, FL. |
| Cultivar |
Type
|
Color
|
Bitterness Ratingz
|
|
Black Seeded Simpson
|
Loose
|
Green
|
3
|
|
Redina
|
Loose
|
Red
|
5
|
|
Two Star
|
Loose
|
Green
|
2
|
|
Waldmans Dark Green
|
Loose
|
Green
|
4
|
|
Lollo Rosa
|
Lollo
|
Red edges
|
5
|
|
Red Rouge
|
Butterhead
|
Red
|
2
|
|
Ermosa
|
Butterhead
|
Green
|
1
|
|
Carmona
|
Butterhead
|
Red
|
1
|
|
Cerize
|
Oakleaf
|
Red
|
2
|
|
Saladbowl
|
Oakleaf
|
Green
|
2
|
|
Red Saladbowl
|
Oakleaf
|
Red
|
3
|
|
Royal Oak
|
Oakleaf
|
Green
|
3
|
|
Cocarde
|
Oakleaf
|
Red tint
|
2
|
|
Kalura
|
Romaine
|
Green
|
2
|
|
Rosalita
|
Romaine
|
Red tint
|
2
|
|
Paris Island
|
Romaine
|
Green
|
3
|
|
Rouge D’hiver
|
Romaine
|
Red tint
|
3
|
|
Medallion
|
Romaine
|
Green
|
2
|
|
Z
= Bitterness ratings were given on a scale of 1-5; 1=no bitterness,
5=very bitter.
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October 1999
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